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Objective To study the effects of different drying processes on the effective constituents in Wen Codonopsis pilosula (WPP) Decoction Pieces; To develop the optimized producing and preparing integration process based on fresh WPP.MethodsFresh WPP in harvest period was prepared respectively as follows:① Fresh WPP was dried to different percentage (30%–100%) of original moisture contents of crude drugs at 80℃ in oven, then sliced and dried at 50℃ to obtain eight decoction pieces of WPP (XⅠYP1–8).② The fresh WPP was baked to 50% of water content of crude drug under different temperatures (50–120℃), respectively, then sliced and dried at 50℃ to obtain eight decoction pieces of WPP (XⅡYP1–8).③ Dried WPP was moistened, sliced and naturally dried, then were renamed as traditional decoction pieces. The contents of lobetyolin and atractylenolideⅢ was determined by HPLC. The phenol-sulfuric acid and colorimetric method were applied respectively to detect contents of polysaccharide and total flavonoids. The contents of aqueous and alcoholic extracts were determined simultaneously. Results The contents of alcoholic extracts (55.36%), aqueous extracts (54.91%) and atractylenolideⅢ (10.95 μg/g) in XⅠYP3 pieces were higher than other decoction pieces.Conclusion The optimized process was that fresh WPP was baked to water content of 50% at 80℃, then sliced and dried. Compared with conventional preparing methods,the integration process was time-saving and effort-saving. Meanwhile, the prepared pieces have higher content of active ingredients.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the characteristics of and evaluate surgical impact on idiopathic macular hole (IMH) by using an optical coherence tomography (OCT) scanner.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-five cases (70 eyes) experiencing IMH were examined using OCT, then graded by their clinical characteristics. Nineteen cases (19 eyes) were scanned and measured using OCT before and after surgery.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 70 eyes,the number of stage I-IV macular holes were 11, 12, 36 and 11, respectively. For stage I holes, the OCT images revealed flattened or nonexistent fovea and minimally reflective space within or beneath the neurosensory retina; stage II holes appeared to be full-sized with attached operculum and surrounding edema; stage III holes were also full-sized with surrounding edema; finally, stage IV holes were full-sized and completely separated the posterior hyaloid membrane from the retina. Through quantitative measurements, OCT determined that the values for mean hole diameter, mean halo diameter and mean thickness of the hole's edge were reduced from 570.95 +/- 265.59 to 337.05 +/- 335.95 microm, 1043.53 +/- 278.8 to 695.00 +/- 483.00 microm and 389.78 +/- 60.58 to 298.78 +/- 109.80 microm, respectively in 19 IMH cases after surgery. In 17 eyes, the holes or halos eventually closed or were reduced in size, or the edges of the holes thinned out. The anatomic successful rate of the surgery was 89%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>OCT can exhibit the characteristics of IMH and measure the diameter of holes quantitatively. This method can also judge the surgical impacts of IMH objectively, accurately and effectively.</p>
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Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Macula Lutea , Pathology , Retinal Perforations , Pathology , General Surgery , Tomography , MethodsABSTRACT
【Objective】To measure RNFL thickness (clock type and mean) and investigate the relationship between RNFL thickness and age,gender,and right or left eye in normal subjects using OCT.【Methods】OCT was used in 183 eyes of 104 normal subjects to measure RNFL thickness with circle scan (scan diameter of 3.46mm) around optic nerve head.【Results】RNFL thickness (μm) measured by OCT in normal eyes according to clock type (10:30～、11:30～、12:30～、1:30～、2:30～、3:30～、4:30～、5:30～、6:30～、7:30～、8:30～、9:30～) were 144±14、141±16、135±12、104±17、78±15、90±18、130±16、147±17、145±13、92±16、80±11、103±10,respectively，and mean of whole circle was (116±5) μm.There was a negative correlation between RNFL thickness in temple-superior (10:30～12:30),temple- inferior (5:30～7:30),mean thickness and age (P=0.005～0.000).There was no significant differences between RNFL thickness of various clock and mean (P=0.356～0.781),gender and right or left eye (P=0.155～0.612).【Conclusion】RNFL thickness was thicker in temple-superior (10:30～12:30) and temple-inferior (5:30～7:30),thinner in nasal (2:30～) and temple (8:30～) in normal subjects.The elder of persons,the thinner of RNFL thickness.RNFL thickness was not related to gender and right or left eye.
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AIM: To investigate the effect of ischemia induced by central retinal artery occlusion on retinal microstructure of macula using optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS: Fourteen eyes of 14 patients with unilateral central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) in two to three days without fully recovery of retinal circulation underwent OCT examination with 4.5 mm length horizontal and vertical line scans through foveola to measure the retinal neurosensory layer (RNL) thickness on foveola, 175 ?m (fovea), 750 ?m (macula) to foveola, respectively. The other normal eyes of patients as control group underwent the same examination and measurement. RESULTS: The mean RNL thickness(?m) on foveola, fovea, macula were 169 91?10 96, 176 36?11 74 and 256 45?16 95 respectively in normal control eyes, and 235 64?47 02 , 241 84?49 36 and 401 57?54 53 respectively in CRAO eyes with retinal ischemia. There was a significant difference in thickness between two group ( P
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Objective To study the characteristics of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in idiopathic macular epiretinal membranes (IMEM) and the relationship between the thickness of fovea and the vision of affected eyes. Methods Total of 67 cases (73 eyes) with clinical diagnosis of IMEM by direct, indirect ophthalmoscopy, three mirror contact lens, fundus color photography or fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA) were examined with OCT. Results Epiretinal membranes(ERMs) with macular edema were found in 32 eyes, proliferative ERMs in 20 eyes, ERMs with macular pseudoholes in 14 eyes and ERMs with laminar macular holes in 7 eyes. Based on OCT, the ERMs were clearly and partially seperated from the retina (27 eyes, 38.36%), the retinal thickness of the fovea was the thickest in proliferative ERMs and the thinnest in ERMs with laminar macular holes. The statistical analysis showed there was a negative correlation between the thickness of fovea and visual acuity (r=-0.454, P= 0.000 ). Conclusion There were four types of image of OCT in IMEM: ERMs with macular edema, proliferative ERMs, ERMs with macular pseudohole and ERMs with laminar macular hole;and the thicker the fovea under the OCT, the poorer the visual acnity in the affected eyes with ERMs.